CAMPHORA

(From vol. iv. 2^nd edit., 1825.)

[The alcoholic solution of the almost crystalline substance resembling a solified aetheral oil, derived from the camphor-tree, Laurus camphora, L.]

I give here the symptoms hitherto observed from camphor, not as a complete list of all the effects to be expected from it, but only as a commencement thereof, so that at some future period the remainder of its effect may be added to this list.

From the earliest times this medicine has been blindly used and improperly employed in large and massive doses, so that its true action has never been ascertained, nor could it be acertained, as it has almost always been given only with several other drugs, either mixed up with, or administered at the same time with it, and moreover, and this is the worst, it has only been employed amid the tumult of the symptoms or diseases. For the pure effects of it, observed by ALEXANDER, (WILL, ALEXANDER, Medical Essays and Observations, 1755.), are very meagre and confined to mere general expressions.

The action of this substance is very puzzling and difficult to determine, even in healthy organisms, because, its primary action more often rapidlyalternates and becomes mixed up with the reactions of the life (secondary action) than is the case with any other medicine, so that it is frequently hard to distinguish what is to be ascribed to the reaction of the body, and what to the alternating action of the camphor in its primary action.

But, at all events, commencement of a pure proving of it must be made, and as such I offer the following symptoms.

In its curative action camphor is just as puzzling and wonderful, for it removes the violent effects of very many, extremely different, vegetable medicines (and even those of the animal drug cantharides and of many mineral and metallic drugs), and hence it must have a sort of general pathological action, which, however, we are unable to indicate by any general expression; nor can we even attempt to do so far fear of straying into the domain of shadows, where knowledge and observation cease, we, in short, abandoned by the guiding of plain experience, grope about in the dark, and with every desire to penetrate into the inner essence of things, about which little minds so presumtuously dogmatize, we gain nothing by such hyperphysical speculations but noxious error and self-deception.

Camphor, as I can testify from experience, removes the too violent action of very many drugs, whether unsuitably employed or given in too large doses, but generally only in the primary action, as a kind of contrarium, as a palliative. For this purpose it must be given very frequently, but in very small doses – when requisite every five to fifteen, or when there is great urgency every two or three minutes, about one drop of the saturated alcoholic solution (one eighth of a grain) shaken up in half an ounce of water until dissolved, or by means of olfaction of a saturated alcoholic solution of camphor every three, four, six, ten, fifteen minutes.

One grain of camphor (dissolved in 8 drops of alcohol) combines with 400 grains of tepid water, and when shaken becomes completely dissolved, contrary to the assertion in almost all works on materia medica that is quite insoluble in water.

I have not found camphor suitable as an antidote to the violent effects of ignatia. (In the preface to Ignatia, camphor is said to be the antidote to some of its effects.)

The rapid exhaustion of its action and the quick change of its symptoms render it incapable of curing most chronic diseases.

That cutaneous inflammation, which spreads in a radiating manner, is bright red, the redness disappearing for an instant when pressed with the finger, commonly called erysipelas (rose), when it arises from internal causes is always only a single symptom of the disease. Now, as camphor when applied externally excites a kind od erysipelas, so, in acute diseases accompanied by erysipelas, it is useful as an external application, if the other symptoms of the internal malady are present among the symptoms of camphor.

When the influenza endemic in Siberia comes among us, as it does occasionally, when the hot stage has already commenced, camphor is of service, only as a palliative, seeing that the disease is one of short duration. It should be given in frequent but ever increasing doses, dissolved in water as above described. It does not shorten the duration of the disease, but renders it much milder, and hence it conducts the disease innocuously to its termination. (On the other hand, nux vomica, in a single dose, and that the smallest possible, will often remove the disease homoeopathically in a few hours.)

When dangerous effects ensue from a large dose od camphor, opium is useful as an anitdote; and, on the other hand, camphor is a prompt antidote in opium poisoning; thus each of these substances removes the effects of the other, It is therefore astonishing how opium and camphor have hitherto been given in combination in one prescription!

[ In this proving HAHNEMANN was assisted by FRANZ, HERRMANN, STAPF, WILSLICENUS.]

The following old-school authorities are quoted:

ALEXANDER, Experim. Essays.

BREYNIUS and PAULINUS, in Murray’s App. Med.

COLLIN, Observat, circa morbos.

CULLEN, W., Mat. Med., ii.

GEOFFRAY Matriere medic., iv.

GRIFFIN, Diss. De Camphoroe viribus, Edin.

HEBERDEN, Medic. Transact., i.

HERGT, in Hufel. Journ., xxvii.

HOFFMANN, FR., Diss. De usu int. Camph., 1714.

HUFELAND, Journal fur pract. A., i.

KOOLHAAS, in Med, Not. Zeit., 1799.

LOSS, Obs. med.

MEZA, DE, Compend. Med. pract.

MURRAY, Appar. med.

ORTEL, Med, pract.

POUTEAU, Melanges de Chirurgie.

QUARIN, Method med. febr.

SOMMER, in Hufel. Journ., vii.

SPONTIZER, in Hufel. Journ., v.

TODE, in Acta Haffn., iv.

UNZER, Med. Handbuch, ii.

WHYTT, Works.

In the Frag de vir. Canphor has 147 symptoms, in the 1^st Edit. 344, and only one additional symptom in this 2^nd Edit.]

CAMPHORA

He staggers to and fro when walking, and must catch hold of something in order to stand firmly. [Ws.]

He rubs his forehead, head, chest, and other parts, knows not what is the matter with him; he leans against something, his senses leave him, he slips and falls to the ground stretched out quite stiffly, the shoulders bent back, the arms at first somewhat bent, with hands directed outwards and somewhat flexed, spread-out fingers, afterwards all parts stretched straight out and stiff, with head bent over to one side, with stiff open lower jaw, witn incurved lips and gnashing teeth, closed eyes and incessant twitchings of the facial muscles, coldness all over, and breathlessness for a quarter of an hour (aft. 2 h.). [Ws.]

Vertigo. [UNZER, (Not accessible.) Med. Handbuch, ii, 25. – ALEXANDER, (Proving with large doses.) Experiment. Essays, p. 227. – COLLIN, (Proving with large doses.) Observat. Circa morbos, pt. iii, p. 148.]

Vertigo, he must hold on by something, he felt as if he could not stand firmly. [Hrr.]

5. Intoxiation. [COLLIN, l. c. – GRIFFIN, (Proving with large doses.) Diss, de Camphore viribus, Edin. – DE MEZA, (Not accessible.) Compend. Med. prac., p. 3.]

Heaviness of the head with vertigo, the head sinks backwards (aft. 10 m.) [Hrr.]

Giddy heaviness of the head (aft. ½ h.). [Hrr.]

When walking he staggers as if drunk. [Hrr.]

Vertigo recurring at difeerent times. [GRIFFIN, l. c.]

10. Frequent short attacks of vertigo. [HUFELAND, (From large doses in rheumatic patients.) Jour. fur. Pract. A., i, p. 428.]

Confusion of the head with perfectly clear consciousness. [Stf.]

Want of memory. (With Alexander, this describes the state of his mind after recovering consciousness.) [ALEXANDER. – UNZER, l. c.]

After the attack of tetanus with unconsciousness and vomiting, complete want of recollection, like loss of memory (aft. 3 h.). [Ws.]

The senses vanish (aft. a few m.).

15. Loss of consciousness.

His senses leave him. [Alexander, l. c.]

Heaviness of the head. [GEOFFROY, (General statement from authors.) Maties’s medic., iv, p. 30.]

Headache. [HUFELAND, l.c.]

For several successive days headache after rising in the morning. [.]

20. Severe headache. [UNZER, l. c.]

Throbbing headache.

Aching feeling in the head. [Stf.]

Aching tearing headache.

Headache like bruised feeling or soreness of the brain.

25. Headache as from constriction of the brain.

Aching in the occiput. [Stf.]

In the evening, aching headache over the left eye (aft. 9 h.). [Fz.]

Throbbing shooting headache in the forehead, which lasts all night, with general dry heat, but without thirst.

In the temples, throbbing aching. [Stf.]

30. Transient headache, as if the brain were compressed from all sides, but only left in semi-consciousness when he pays no attention to his body; when, however, he becomes conscious of his pain and thinks of it, it immediately disappears (aft. 4.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Pressure in the middle of the forehead (aft. 3.1/2 h.). [Hrr.]

Obtuse headache over the frontal bone, with inclination to vomit.

Headache pressing from within outwards (immediately). [Ws.]

Tearing pressure in the right temple (aft. 1 h.). [Hrr.]

35. Tearing aching and pressing outwards in the left side of the forehead (aft. 7.1/2 h.). [Hrr.]

Headache: cutting blows dart through the forehead and temples to the middle of the brain, returning after short pauses, immediately after lying down (aft. ½ h.). [Ws.]

Violent single shoots in the right half of the brain (aft. 4 h.).

Cutting pressure from the left side of the occiput to the forehead (aft. ½ h.). [Hrr.]

Tearing shooting headache in the forehead, and pressive on the upper part of the frontal bone (aft. 4 h.). [Fz.]

40. Fine tearing in the head, especially in the forehead (aft. 7 h.). [Htn. (Probably a misprint for Hrr., as Hartmann does not appear as one of the provers.)]

A constrictive pain in the base of the brain, especially in the occiput and above the root of the nose, which continues without intermission, during which the head is leant to one side or the other; a pain that is much aggravated by stooping low, lying down, or external pressure – with coldness of hands and feet, hot forehead, and waking slumbar.

Fine tearing pain in the left side of the forehead and left side of the occiput (aft. ½ h.). [Hrr.]

Heat in the head and tearing headache, transient in character, and going off by by pressing on it (aft. 11 h.). [Fz.]

45. Rush of blood to the head (aft. 6 h.).

Extraordinary rush of blood to the head. ( The priliminary vertigo and the unconsciousness from a strong dose, along with the coldness of the rest of the body (See note to 47, 304, 311 to 313), seems to be the primary action of camphor, and points to a diminshed flow of blood o parts at a distance from the heart; on the other hand, the rush of blood to the head, the heat of the head, &c., are only a secondary action or reaction of the life in the same degree of intensity as was the previous opposite state, the primary action above mentioned. Just so, rapidly occuring, slight inflammation may therefore sometimes be removed by the palliative refrigerant effect of the primary action of camphor given internally, but long-standing inflammations cannot be so removed. The prolonged, or frequently repeated administration of camphor, is not unfrequently followed by obstinate inflammations of the eyes, which are of long duration, like every secondary action or reaction of the organism (comp. 283 to 292 and 297.) I will not deny that the external applications of camphor acts homoeopathically in acute cases of ophthalmia but I will not venture to say that this is my experience, as I never treat such cases by external remedies.) [WHYTT, (Effect of thirty grains.), Works, p. 646.- MURRAY, (General statement from authors. Here he is merely quoting Whytt.) Appar. Med., iv., p. 584.]

The head is drawn spasmodically towards the shoulder(From a large dose given to a child, which caused loss of consciousness and deathly coldness of all parts of the body.) (aft. some m.)

(Fatal) inflammation of the brain. [QUARIN, (Occasional effects of large doses in fever patients. Query always, how much is fever and how much camphor?) Method. med. febr., p. 57.]

Paleness of the face.

50. Very pale face, with eyes at first closed, afterwards open and staring, with eye-balls directed upwards (aft. 2 h.) . [Ws.]

Very red face. [QUARIN, l. c.]

Spasmodic distortion of the facial muscles, with foam before the mouth. (From several grains of camphor injected into the median vein.) [ORTEL, (Not accessible.) Med. pract. Beob., I, 1, Lpz., 1804.]

Pressure on the right palpebral muscle (aft. ¾ h.). [Hrr.]

Staring inflamed eyes. [QUARIN, l. c.]

55. He stares at every one with an astonished expression, without consciousness (aft. 2 h.). [Ws.]

Sensation of tension in the eyes (aft. ¾ h.). [Hrr.]

In the outer canthus of the eye a smarting (aft. ½ h.).

Frequent twitching in the outer canthus of the eye (aft. 28 h.). [Fz.]

Visible twitching sand quivering of the upper eyelid (aft. 36 h.). [Fz.]

60. Smarting itching in the eyelids. [Stf.]

Smarting and shooting in the eyelids (aft. 5 h.). [Fz.]

The eyelids are studded with many red spots (aft. 24 h.). [Ws.]

The eyes water in the open air. [Stf.]

In the white of the right eye a couple of red spots, without pain (aft. 24 h.). [Ws.]

65. Out-pressing pain in the right eyeball on moving it (aft. 2 h.). [Fz.]

Sensation in the left eyeball like pressure and blows from behind upon it (aft. 2.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Inflammation of the eyes (aft. 10 h.).

The eyeballs are turned upwards.

Distorted eyes. [ORTEL, l.c.]

70. Staring, distorted eyes.

Contracted pupils.

Extremely contracted pupils (aft. 35 h.). [Hrr.]

Dilated pupils (aft. 5 h.).

Obscuration of the sight. [WHYTT, - UNZER, l. c.]

75. Sensation as if all objects were too bright and shining (aft. 5 h.)

Wonderful figures hover before his eyes. [UNZER, l. c.]

He cannot bear the light (aft. ½ h.).

Feeling of heat in the lobes of the ears. [Stf.]

Redness of cheeks and lobes of the ears.

80. Hot, red ear-lobes. [Stf.]

Ringing in the ears. (Just before losing consciousness.) [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

A kind of tearing in the left ear (aft. 1 h.).

In the left meatus auditorius externus a dark red abscess, larger than a pea; on touching it he felt a shooting pressure (aft. 12 h.); it suppurated after 36 hours. [Hrr.]

In the anterior angle of the nostrils a shooting pain, as if the part were ulcerated and raw (aft. 2 h.).

85. Painful looseness of the teeth (aft. 10 h.).

The teeth feel too long, with a toothache apparently proceeding from swelling of the submaxillary glands.

Toothache: transient cutting blows dart through the gums at the roots of the incisors and canine teeth (From the smell.) (aft ¼ h.). [Ws.]

Dry feeling on the back of the tongue, like scraping, with much saliva. [Stf.]

Constant collection of saliva in the mouth (aft. ½ h.). [Hrr.]

90. Collection of saliva in the mouth, which is sometimes slimy and viscid (aft. 1.1/2 h.). [Hrr.]

Foam appears in front of the mouth (aft. a few m.).

A dry scraping sensation on the palate. [Stf.]

Single coarse stitches in the palate (aft. 4 h.).

A chilly sensation rises into the mouth and along the palate (aft. 4 to 6 h.). [Fz.]

95. Disagreeable warmth in the mouth. [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

Violent burning on the palate down into the oesophagus, that urges him to drink, but is not allayed by any amount of drinking (From the smell.) (immediately). [Ws.]

Sensation of heat in the mouth and stomach. [MURRAY, l. c.]

In the morning, bad smell from the mouth, which he is himself aware of (aft. 20 h.).

Closure of the jaws (trismus).

100. (Nocturnal) sore-throat per se, and still more when swallowing, as if the gullet were sore and excoriated, with sensation in the throat as from partaking of something rancid.

Eructation and bringing up of the contents of the stomach.

After a meal frequent and almost constant empty eructation (aft. 3 h. and later). [Hrr.]

Pleasure in drinking, without thirst.

The first 24 hours, adipsia. [Ws.]

105. The first 36 hours, adipsia. [Hrr.]

Increased taste of all food; the beef-tea tastes too strong (aft. 2 h.).

The taste in the mouth is in itself correct, but everything he eats, and even the (accustomed) tobacco smokin, tastes bitter (aft. 13 h.). [Fz.]

Tobacco has a disagreeable bitter taste (aft. 2.3/4 h.). [Fz.]

Dislike to (accustomed) tobacco smoking; although it does not taste ill, tobacco is repugnant to him, and causes him to vomit.

110. Food tastes bitter, meat more so than bread, with erucation during and after eating, tasting of camphor (aft. 4 h.). [Fz.]

Frequent ejection of watery saliva. [Stf.]

Nausea. [GRIFFIN,- ALEXANDER, l. c.]

Nausea with flow of saliva. [Stf.]

Nausea and inclination to vomit, which always goes off after an eructation (aft. ¼ h.). [Fz.]

115. After several attacks of inclination to vomit, short attacks of vertigo. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

At the commencement of the vomiting, cold sweat, especially in the face. [Ws.]

Bilious vomiting, tinged with blood. [GRIFFIN, l. c.]

In the scrobiculus cordis, feeling as if it was distented and bruised, with fulness in the abdomen (aft. 25 h.). [Fz.]

Pain in the stomach.

120 Pain the gastric region. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

Aching pain in the scrobiculus cordis or in the anterior part of the liver.

Contractive pain under the short ribs extending into the lumbar vertebrae.

Aching pain in the hypochondria (aft. 1 h.).

Manifest coolness, especially in the scrobiculus cordis [Fr. HOFFMANN, Diss. De usu int. Camph., 1714, p. 20.]

125. Cold sensation in the epigastrium and hypogastrium (aft. ¼ h.). [Hrr.]

Violent burning heat in the epigastrium and hypogastrium (aft. 4 h.). [Hrr.]

Burning heat in the hypogastrium (aft. 1.1/4 h.). [Hrr.]

Burning in the stomach. [WHYTT, - UNZER, - GRIFFIN, l. c.]

First discharge of much flatus, and after several hours, pressure in the abdomen, in the morning, as from distension with flatulence.

130. Flatulent sufferings in the abdomen.

The digestion is impeded [W. CULLEN, (From forty grains taken by a female maniac. This symptom not found.) Arzneimittell., ii, p. 331.]

Cutting colickly pain, at night (aft. 5.).

Feeling of hardness and weight in the abdomen above the navel. [Stf.]

In the whole right side of the abdomen, as far as the hepatic region and chest, drawing bruised pain, more internally than externally, especially when inspiring (aft. 3.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

135. Pinching pain in the hypogastrium, especially the umbilical region (aft. 7.1/2 h.). [Hrr.]

In the right side of the hypogastrium a shooting drawing heaviness, which is still more distinctly felt on pressing on it. [Fz.]

Hard pressure in the left side of the hypogastrium (aft. 1 h.). [Hrr.]

Drawing in the left side of the hypogastrium with a tensive bruised sensation (aft. 12 h.). [Fz.]

Burning shooting on a spot the size of the hand, below the anterior crst of the ilium towards the grion. [Fz.]

140. Aching on the left side of the pubes at the root of the penis, in the groin, when standing (aft. 10. h.). [Fz.]

Itching formication in the right groin, which goes off on rubbing it (aft. ¼ h.). [Ws.]

Out-pressing on the pubes in the groin, at the root of the penis, as if a hernia would come out (aft. 12 h.). [Fz.]

Ascites of short duration. [HERGT, (From three grains twice daily.) in [Hufel. Journ., xxvii, I, p. 151.]

Urging to stool: the stool is of the ordinary character, but little is passed, whereupon there is again urging with the evacuation of a still smaller quantity (aft. 1 h.). [Hrr.]

145. Urging to stool (aft. 4 h.). [Hrr.]

The first day two stools after some pinching in the abdomen, the second day no stool, the third day rather hard and difficult stool. [Fz.]

Constipation.

The excrements are passed with difficulty, not without exertion of the abdominal muscles, just as if the perstlaltic movement of the bowels were diminished, and at the same time the rectum were contracted (aft. 24 h.).

Obstinate constipation of the bowels. (Alexander simply states that he was “Extremely costive at stool the day after.” Swallowing the dose.) [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

150. The rectum is as if contracted, swollen and painful when flatus is expelled.

Soreness in the rectum. [Stf.]

Greenish-yellow turbid urine of a mouldy smell (aft. 10 h.). [Ws.]

He passes turbid urine, which on standing becomes quite turbid and thick, of a whitish-green colour, without depositing a sediment. [Hrr.]

Red urine.

155. Red urine. (“Very rarely,” the author says.) [Fr. Hoffmann, l. c.]

In the first hours, little urine and without suffering, but after several hours (in the afternoon) when urinating a smartingpain, for several days, in the posterior part of the urethra, and after urinating pressure in the vesical region, like a fresh call to urinate. [Fz.]

Diminished power of the bladder; although there is no mechanical obstruction the urine passes very slowly out of the bladder when urinating (aft. 20 h.).

Thin streamof the urine discharged.

The urine passes in a very thin stream, as in stricture of the urethra (aft. 2.1/2 h.). [Hrr.]

160. Retention of urine with urging to urinate and tenesmus of the neck of the bladder.

Retention of the urine the first twelve hours, with constant pressure in the bladder and call to urinate, during which nothing passed; but after twenty-four hours, frequent urination in the ordinary quantity, therefore on the holw increased quantity of urine discharged, but after forty-eight hours more frequent and more copious urination. [Hrr.]

In the first ten hours, no urine is passed. [Ws.]

Strangury almost immediately [HEBERDEN. (Effects of large doses in patients.) Medic, Trans., I, p. 471.]

Involuntary urination after great urging to urinate.

165. Almost involuntary urination, and after urinating pain in the urethra, like a contraction from before backwards.

Painful urination.

Scalding urine.

Shooting itching on the inner surface of the prepuce. [Hrr.]

( A contractive sensation in the testicles.) [Stf.]

170. The first two days, weakness of the genital organs, and loss of sexual desire. [Ws.]

The first two days, relaxation of the scrotum, deficiency of erection of the penis, loss of sexual desire, but after 48 hours much stronger erections than in ordinary times. (The loss of sexual desire, erections, and seminal emissions, is as is obvious from these observations, only primary action of camphor, and hence it only acts in a palliative manner when we attempt to combat with it inordinate sexual desire, erections, and the frequent nocturnal seminal emissions which have lasted long; there follows then an increase of the malady by the opposite reaction of the organism (secondary action). (Comp. 173.) [Hrr.]

Tendency to nocturnal seminal emissions.

For several nights, seminal emissions (aft. 60 h.). [Fz.]

Exalted sexual desire. [BREYNIUS and PAULINUS, in Murray’s Appar. Med., iv., p. 518.]

175.Sexual ecstasy. [KOOLHAAS, (Not accessible.) in Med. Nat. Zeit., 1799.]

Impotence in the male. [LOSS, (From continual smelling of camphor in a man, aet. 40.) Obs. Med., p. 314.]

A kind of violent labour pains, as if during pains, as if during parturitions. (In a Widow.) [HEBERDEN, (From forty grains given in enema. Nothing is said about the patient being a widow.) l. c.]

In the morning, on rising (and in the evening on going to sleep?), discharge of thin nasal mucus, without sneezing and without true coryza (aft. 18 h.)

Coryza (aft. 10 h.).

180. Stuffed coryza.

Deep and slow respiration.

Oppressed, anxious, panting respiration. [ORTEL, l. c.]

Heavy, slow, difficult breathing (aft. 1.1/4 h.). [Hrr.]

Almost complete suspension of the respiration.

185. The breathing almost entirely ceases. (In the original – “the breathing seems to have almost entirely ceased.” [CULLEN, l. c.]

On the sternum superiorly, pressure as from a weight. [Fz.]

Pressure on the sternum when standing (aft. 27 h.). [Fz.]

Soft pressure internally on the chest under the sternum, with difficult inspiration, and a chilling sensation, which rose out of the chest into the mouth (aft. 29 h.). [Fz.]

Mucus in the wind-pipe, which makes the voice not clear, and is not removed by hacking cough and hawking.

190. Pain in the trachea and bronchial tubes, most when coughing, but also by clearing the throat and hawking.

Complaint of a constrictive feeling in the larynx, as from sulphur fumes. [ORTEL, l. c.]

Feels as if he would be suffocated, and the larynx constricted. [SOMMER, (From gr. Viij to xij given in lead-colic.) in Hufel. Jour., p. 87.]

Suffocating tightness of the chest, as if arose from a pressure in the scrobiculus cordis (aft. 1 h.).

Stitches in the left side of the chest when walking (aft. ½ h.). [Fz.]

195. Painful sensation in the chest like stitches. [Stf.]

Shooting in the chest and tussiculation, as if caused by a cutting, chilling sensation deep in the trachea (aft. 2 h.). [Fz.]

The stitches in and on the chest became every day stronger. [Fz.]

Palpitation of the heart.

After a meal he feels and hears the beating of his heart against the ribs (aft. 4.3/4 h.). [Fz.]

Fine shooting in the nipples (aft. 2 h.).

Fine tearing pain on the right side near the nipple down towards the pelvis (aft. 4.1/2 h.). [Hrr.]

Tearing pressure on the anterior border of the scapula, which interferes with the movement of the arm (aft. 32 h.). [Fz.]

Drawing painful stitches through the scapulae and between them, extending into the chest, on moving the arms, for two days (aft. 24 h.). [Fz.]

Tearing pain in the nape on bowing the head (aft. 2 h.).

205. Repeated painless drawing in the cervical vertebrae when moving. [Stf.]

When walking in the open air, painful drawing and stiff feeling on the side of neck and down the nape (aft. 5 h.). [Fz.]

Tensive pain in the nape nad posterior cervical muscles, increased by every movement and by turning the neck (aft. 15 h.). [Hrr.]

Stitches in the nape, near the right shoulder, on moving (aft. 1.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Pressure on top of the shoulder (aft. 2 h.). [Fz.]

210. Convulsive circular movement (rotation) of the arms.

Tearing pressure posteriorlt in the middle of the right upper arm. [Hrr.]

Twitching fine tearing from the middle of the inner surface of tle left upper arm to the middle of the forearm (aft. ¾ h.). [Hrr.]

Painful pressure in the right elbow-joint, worse on leaning on it, whereby the pain extents into the hand (aft. 1.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

215. Tearing pressure on the left radius, a little above the wrist-joint (aft. 7 h.). [Hrr.]

Painful pressure on the inner surface of the left forearm (aft. 1.3/4 h.). [Hrr.]

Tearing pressure on the inner surface of the left forearm (aft. 1.3/4 h.). [Hrr.]

Constantly increasing itching combined with pricking pain on the back of the hand and the knuckles of the fingers, going off on scratching (aft. 4.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Itching on the knuckles of the fingers and between them (aft. 25 h.). [Fz.]

220. In the distal joint of the thumb, on moving it, a pain as if sprained (aft. 20 h.).

Itching in the palm of the hand (aft. 5 h.). [Fz.]

Drawing in the glutaeus maximus at its attachment to the crest of the ilium, as if it would lame the thigh. [Fz.]

Difficulty of moving, and fatigue of the thighs.

Drawing bruised pain in the thighs, after walking (aft. 5 h.). [Fz.]

225. In the right thigh and on the inside near and below the patella, drawing bruised pain; he fears that the leg would bend forwards undr him. (aft. 4.1/4 h.). [Fz.]

Tearing in the thighs (aft. 28 h.). [Fz.]

The thighs at the back above the houghs are painful, as after a long journey on foot. [Fz.]

When sitting with the knee flexed the leg goes to sleep, with cold feeling (aft. 21 h.).

Shooting on the right patella, when sitting (aft. 1 h.). [Fz.]

230. Tearing on the knees under the patella, worst when walking (aft. 6 h.). [Fz.]

Cracking and creaking in the joints of the loins, knees, and ankles.

Staggering, weariness, and heaviness of the lower extremities (aft. 1 h.). [Hrr.]

The knees seem to him to bend forwards, and are as if bruised (aft. 26 h.). [Fz.]

Aching drawing under the patella, on the inside of the knee (aft. 30 h.). [Fz.]

235. Great feeling of weakness of the legs, as from a weight hanging in the knee-joints and drawing them down. [Hrr.]

Pressure in the middle of the inner surface of the left leg. [Hrr.]

Pressure on the left leg above the ankle and more posteriorly. [Hrr.]

In the morning on treading and walking, pain in the ankle-joint, as from having made a false step or sprained the part (aft. 18 h.).

240. Under the right ankle when standing, an aching drawing pain between the ankle and the tendo Achillis, which becomes tearing on moving the foot (aft. 4.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Trembling of the feet.

Trembling staggering and unsteadiness of the feet.

Drawing cramp pain on the dorsum of the foot, especially when moving.[Fz.]

Tearing pressure on the dorsum of the right foot. [Hrr.]

245. Tearing cramp-pain on the dorsum of the foot up along the outside of the calf to the thigh (aft. 13 h.). [Fz.]

Tearing anteriorly in the tips of the toes and under the nails of the left foot, when walking (aft. 10 h.). [Fz.]

Sore pain on the knuckles of the otes and in the corns (aft. 26 h.). [Fz.]

Most of the pains of camphor are when moving. [Fz.]

Discomfort in the whole body (aft. 3 h.). [Hrr.]

250. Indescribable discomfort in the whole body (aft. ½ h.). [Hrr.]

Most pf the pains from camphor were, on the first day, only present in a state of half attention to himself – hence also when going to sleep, tearing in various parts of the body – and they went off, especially the headache, as soon as he became aware that he had pains and paid attention to them; on the other hand, he could, the following day, cause pains by force of imagination, or, rather, he felt them only when giving great attention to himself, hence he felt best when he did not think of himself. [Fz.]

Rheumatic shooting pains in all the muscles, especially between the scapulae.

Pain in the periosteum of all the bones.

Difficulty of moving the limbs.

255. Paralytic relaxation of the muscles.

In the evening, after lying down in bed, an itching here and there in the body (aft. 6 h.).

Violent itching. (From the external application.). [SPONITZER, in Hufel. Journ., v. pp. 518, 545. ]

Erysipelatous inflammation. (From camphor applied externally.)

Erysipelas. (From the external application.) [SPONITZER, l. c.]

260. Syncopal stupefaction of the senses. [UNZER, l. c.]

Insensibility. [CULLEN, l. c.]

He beats his breast and falls into a faint (aft. ½ h.). [CULLEN, l. c.]

Out-stretching tetanus with unconsciousness for a quarter of an hour, then sinking down in a relaxed state of the whole body, so that he can scarcely be kept in the erect position, for a quarter of an hour, after which consciousness returns on vomiting(aft. 2.1/2 h.). [Ws.]

Extreme weakness. [DE MEZA, l. c.]

265. Unusual sinking of the forces, (In the original, “Unusual lassitude and depression of spirits.”) with yawning and stretching. [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

Relaxation and heaviness of the whole body (aft. 25 m.). [Hrr.]

Frequent yawning. [Stf.]

Yawning and sleep. [GRIFFIN, l. c.]

Drowsiness.

270. Drowsy fatigue: he felt as if he would fall asleep (aft. 1 h.). [Hrr.]

Sopor. [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

Sopor and talking nonsense. (Quoted from authors only to question it.) [FR. HOFFMANN, l. c.]

Sleeplessness. [GEOFFROY, l. c.]

(In sleep the inspiration is shorter than the expiration.)

275. During sleep he mutters and sighs.

Talking in a low voice during sleep all night.

Snoring in sleep during both inspiration and expiration.

During slumbar with closed eyes, objects present themselves to his fancy, which seem to him at one time too thick, at another too thin, changing as rapidly as the pulse goes (aft. 2 h.).

Dreams about schemes to be carried out. [Fz.]

280. Spasms. [COLLIN, l. c.]

Convulsions. (In Alexander’s case, during loss of consciousness.) [QUARIN, - ALEXANDER, l. c.]

Violent convulsions. [TODE, (From five grains in commencing fever.) in Acta. Haffn., iv, 4.]

Trembling. [ALEXANDER, - UNZER, l. c.]

Small, hard, and always slower and slower pulse.

285. Small slow pulse, 60 beats per minute (aft. ½ h.). [Hrr.]

Pulse slower by 3 beats. [ALEXANDER, - GRIFFIN, l. c.]

Pulse slower by 10 beats. [HUFELAND, - ALEXANDER,- CULLEN, l. c.]

Weak, small pulse. (Not found.) [HOFFMANN, l. c.]

Very weak. Scarcely perceptible pulse. [CULLEN, l. c.]

290. Full, quick pulse.

Pulse gradually increasing in rapidity. [GRIFF, l. c.]

On continuing to take larger doses (By “large doses” gr. Xl – lx are meant.) the pulse became quicker by 10 tp 15 beats, and tense. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

After leaving off the gradually increased doses of camphor, the pulse increased in rapidity for several (nearly ten) days without increase of the temprature of the body. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

Pule increased by twenty-three beats (aft. 3 h.). [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

295. Quicker pulse. [MURRAY, - HOFFMANN, l. c.]

Full, irritable pulse. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

Very quick pulse. [QUARIN, l. c.]

Disposition to inflammations. [GEOFFROY, l. c.]

He is over sensitive to cold air.

300. He easily takes cold, and then there ensue either rigor or cutting in the abdomen, with diarrhoeic discharges of blackish-brown or black faeces like coffee grounds.

Chilliness (aft. 10 h.)

Shivering, chilliness and occurrence of goose-skin all over the body for an hour (immediately). [Fz.]

Frequent chilliness in the back. [Stf.]

Shivery feeling, shivering with goose-skin, the skin of the whole body is painfully sensitive and the slightest touch is painful.

305. Slight shivering with pale face. [GRIFFIN, l. c.]

Heat in the head and sensation in it as if sweat would break out, whilst a shudder gors over the limbs and abdomen (aft. 3 h.).

Chilliness on the cheeks and in the back. [Stf.]

Chilliness over the whole body. (aft. ¼ h.). [Hrr.]

Rigor and chattering of the teeth. [ORTEL, l. c.]

310. The body is quite cold all over.

Coldness of the body with paleness. [CULLIN, l. c.]

After a meal coldness and drawing through the whole body, with cold arms, hands and feet (aft. 4.3/4 h.). [Fz.]

Coldness for an hour, with deathly pallor of the face. (From 60 grains.) [POUTEAU, (In a woman, three weeks after labour. – The sixty grains were given for colic.) Melanges de Chirurgie, 184.]

(FEVER: great chilliness with chattering of the teeth and much thirst, and after the chill he immediately falls asleep, but the sleep is often interrupted, almost without the least heat following.)

315. Cold sweat.

Profuse cold sweat. [ORTEL, l. c.]

In the evening, great feeling of coldness over the whole body and headache as if the brain was contracted, with aching above the root of the nose (aft. 12 h.). [Fz.]

Chilliness on the whole body (aft. 2.1/2 h.); then (aft. 1.1/2 h.), increased warmth of the whole body. [Hrr.]

Chilliness in the back intermingled with warmth as if sweat would break out. [Stf.]

320. Along with cold hands, hot sensation in the face (aft. 1.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Heat on the head, hands and feet, without thirst.

Increased warmth of the whole body with redness of the face (aft. ¾ h.). [Hrr.]

Agreeable warmth through the whole body (after 3 h.). [Fz.]

Heat on the whole body, which increased to the greatest height when walking (aft. 5 h.). [Hrr.]

325. Heat with trembling. [ALEXANDER,-UNZER, l. c.]

Sopor and squeezing (contractive) headache, great heat of the whole body with distented blood-vessels, very rapid breathing, and bruised pain in the back, but without thirst and with clean taste.

Great heat (Quoted from authors only to question it.) (after some time.) [HOFFMANN, l. c.]

Sweat (with odour of camphor). [MURRAY, l. c.]

Warm sweat on the forehead and palms.

330. Warm sweat all over the body.

Feeling of dryness in and on the body, especially on the head and in the bronchial tubes (aft. 2 h.).

Very dry skin, even in bed, with good appetite. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

Trembling movement of the heart. [ORTEL, l. c.]

Anxiety.

335. Very great anxiety. [HOFFMANN, l. c.]

She tosses about anxiously in bed, with constant weeping. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

The ideas become confused; delirium. [DE MEZA, l. c.]

Talking nonsense. [HUFELAND, l. c.]

He talks nonsense and undertakes nonsensical things. [UNZER, l. c.]

340. Rage, with foam before the mouth. (During unconsciousness.) [ALEXANDER, l. c.]

All external things are repugnant to him, and excite in him a repellent crossness.

The boy crawls into a corner and howls and weeps; he takes offence at everything one says to him, as if he thought he was being ordered about, and he thinks he is insulted and offronted.

Quarrelsomeness, he insists he is right.

He is hasty and does things in a hurry.

345. The first day the disposition was lazy and unhappy during the cold and rigor; after twenty-four hours, however, the disposition became ever better and better, even during the pains. [Fz.]

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