VERATRUM ALBUM

(White Hellebore.)

(From vol. iii, 2^nd edit., 1825.)

(The alcoholic tincture of the root of Veratrum album.)

Though the subjoined symptoms indicate a powerful action of this medicinal substance on the human health, a great capacity for effecting changes in it, and consequently show that we may expect great things form its suitable employment, yet the investigation of all its medicinal symptoms is so far from complete, that the following can be regarded as only a fraction of its wealth of pathogenetic effects.

In the meantime, however, I have resolved to communicate to the world what I have been able to ascertain up to the persent moment, because even this amount is capable of being usefully employed.

I might certainly have adduced the symptoms recorded by the older Greek authors in corroboration of my own, but I have refrained from doing so in order to avoid the appearance of wishing to make a display of learning.

This much is, however, certain, that the ancients could not have obtained so much reputation for their hellebore treatment at Anticyra and other places in Greece, unless they had effected much with it, and unless they had restored many sick persons to health by means of this medicinal plant.

Our modern physicians do not know how to make any good use of this valuable medicine, and indeed, do not employ it at all, as they are unable to give it in a Justa-dosis, i.e. in drachms and ounces, without killing their patients.

Consequently they must leave uncured those diseases which cannot be cured without this root.

Physicians have no notion of the power possessed by this drug to promote a cure of almost one third of the insane in lunatic asylus (at all events as a homoeopathic intermediate remedy), because they know not the peculiar kind of insanity in which to employ it, nor the does in which it should be administered in order to be efficacious and yet not injurious.

As there can be no rapid and permanent cure of dynamic diseases, unless by medicines endowed with the dynamic power of producing similar morbid states, as I have shown often enough, so we have only to make ourselves acquainted with the peculiar kinds of insanity in the following observations, regard being pain to the other symptoms, in order to know in which of the manias white hellebore root may be homoepathically employed with good effect.

We must not imitate the ancients in their doses. No doubt many of their patients were cured, but not a few succumbed to their enormous doses. For even in those times, just as nowadays, the delusion existed in the medical art that diseases depended on a morbific matter in the body, and consequently that they could not be cured without the elimination of this (imaginary) morbific matter. Hence the ancients in their treatment of chronic diseases gave their white hellebore root almost in such doses (a drachm and more of the medicine in the form if coarse sifted powder) as were capable of exciting excessive vomiting, and at last also purgation; and (blinded by the above theory) even those cases in which the patients were cured of their diseases by white hellebore, without undergoing vomiting hot purging, failed to convince them that the cures were effected in quite another way than by evacuations upwards and downwards.

It is also quite false that the patients affected with emotional and mental diseases as a rule require and bare enormous doses of medicine, as our physicians still imagine. No doubt, allopathic and unsuitably chosen drugs, even in large doses, seem to have but little effect on the grosser part of the organism and the general health of such patients. But in such diseases the general health is but little implicated, and their subjects are often very robust in that respect; as a rule, the malady has settled in the fine invisible organs of the mental and emotional spheres undiscoverable by anatomy (which serve as the medium of the purely spiritual soul by which the grosser body is ruled). These subtle organs suffer most in those diseases, it is they that are most morbidly deranged.

When unsuitable, unhomoeopathic (allopathic) drugs in large doses when administered to such patients, the more massive body assuredly suffered but little from them (it was often seen that twenty grains of tartar emetic caused no vomiting, &c.); but, on the other hand,(and this our physicians did not observe, for, as a rule, they are gifted with but small powers of observation), the mental and emotional organs were all the more severely affected; the mania or melancholia was much aggravated by such violent unsuitable remedies, sometimes even rendered incurable.

On the other hand, it is undeniably true, though not hitherto suspected, that patients suffering from mental and emotional diseases soon regained a healthy state of their mental and emotional organs, that is to say, a perfect recovery of their health and reason, by means of doses as small as those that suffice for other non-physical maladies, namely, by quite small doses, but only of the appropriate and perfectly homoeopathic medicine.

I have never found it necessary to give a dose of more than a single drop, often only a small portion of a drop, of white hellebore tincture, diluted to such an extent that one drop contains a quadrillionth of a grain of this root. This dose may, when necessary, be given to the patient without his knowledge in his ordinary drink – consequently without it being requisite to employ the slightest force, which is always prejudicial in such cases, provided the regimen is so regulated that all the conditions generally required to sustain healthy life are simultaneously enforced, and everything than can interfere with the cure, from heterogeneous medicinally-acting food and drink to moral and physical hindrances, is most carefully eschewed. This is not the place to treat this subject in greater detail.

Paroxysms of pains similar to those the white hellebore root can itself produce, and which always brought the patient for a short time into a sort of delirium and mania, often yielded to the smallest dose of the above solution.

Also in agues which consist of outward cold only, or are attended by only inward heat and dark urine, this root is often employed advantageously, especially when cold sweat of the body or, at least, of the foreheads, is present.

In several hypochondriacal affections, as also in certain kinds of inguinal hernia, it is very useful, at all events as an intermediate remedy.

Sudden, grave accidents from taking white hellebore root are most surely removed by a few cups of strong coffee. But if the predominant state is pressive pain in the head with coldness of the body and unconscious sopor, camphor is the antidote.

If an anxious, distracted state, accompanied by coldness of the body or burning sensation in the brain is present, then aconite is of service. The other chronic affections caused by the abuse of white hellebore root, e.g. a daily forenoon fever, are best relieved by small doses of cinchona bark.

Among the following symptoms of white hellebore root, some seem to belong to the secondary action (i.e. the opposite state developed in the organism after the primary action), but these can only be elucidated by repeated observation.

I have seen the positive effects of this root, even in small doses, last five days and longer.

[HAHNEMANN was assisted in this proving by BECHER, FRANZ, FRIEDRICH HAHNEMANN, STAPF, TEUTHORN.

Citations are made from the following old-school sources;

ALBERTI, Jurispr. Med., vol. vi.

ALSTON, Lectures, on the Materia Medica.

BENIVENIUS, in Schenck, viii.

BERGIUS, Mat. Med.

BORRICHIUS, Acta hafn., vi.

DESSENIUS, Composit. Medicam., lib. x.

DOBRZEWSKY, in Eph. Nat., Cur., Dec. I, ann. 2.

ETTMULLER, Op., tom. ii.

FORESTUS, P., xviii.

GALENUS, CL., Comment., v.

GESNER, CONR., Epist. Med.

GRASSIUS, S., Misc. Nat. Cur. Dec. I, ann. 4.

GREDING, Vermischte Schriften.

KALM. Nordameric resa., iii.

LEDELIUS, S., in Misc. Nat. Cur., Dec. iii, ann. 1.

LENTILIUS in Misc. Nat. Cur., Dec. iii, ann. 1, app.

LORRY, De Melanch., ii.

MURALTO, J. DE, in Misc. Nat. Cur., Dec. ii, ann. 2.

MULLER, F., in Hufel. Journ., xii. i.

REIMANN, in Bresel. Samml. 1724.

RODDER, L. in Alberti, Med. Leg.

SCHOLZIUS, in Schenk. Lib. viii.

SMETIUS, Misc. Med.

SMYTH, in Medical Communications, vol. i.

VICAT, Plantes venen de la Suisse.

WINTER, in Bresl. Samml. 1724.

The Frag. De Vir. Gives 267 symptoms; the 1^st edit 711: this 2^nd edit. 716, 8 new symptoms being added to HAHNEMANN’s own observations, and 3 symptoms omitted from the “observations of others.” Many of the symptoms quoted from modern authors are given in HAHNEMANN’s thesis, On the Helleborism of the Ancients, for the purpose of comparison with the effects “white hellebore,” recorded in the works of ancient physicians, especially those of ANTYLLUS, a physician who flourished between the second and fourth centuries of our era, and who was the first writer who described the operation of tracheotomy; but, for the reason given (p. 689.), HAHNEMANN has not admitted there latter symptoms into his Materia Medica.]

VERATRUM ALBUM

Vertigo. [SMYTH, (Effects of tincture given for cutaneous disease.) in Medical Communications, vol. I, p. 207. – S. LEDELIUS, (Effects of infusion in wine.) in Misc. nat. Cur., Dec. iii, ann. I, obs. 65.]

Vertigo; all goes round in a circle with him (aft. 3.1/2 h.).

Vertigo; all goes round in a circle in his head. [GREDING, (Effects when administered to patients, all of whom were melancholics, maniacs, or epilepto maniacs. These do not succeed one another in regular classes as in those treated with Belladonna, Hyoscyamus and Stramonium, and hence cannot be identified as there; but all symptoms of the mind and disposition, and all spasmodic and convulsive phenomena occurring in these subjects, may safety be ascribed to their disease rather than to the drug, as its dosage was quite moderate.) Vermischte Schriften, p. 87.]

Excessive vertigo. [REIMANN, (Effects of infusion in wine.) in Bresl. Samml., 1724, p. 535.]

5. Want of ideas.

Mental work will not go on continuously; a want of ideas soon ensues. [Stf.]

Intoxication and giddiness (aft. 24 h.). [Fr.H-n.]

When walking the headache increases to giddiness, but is relieved when sitting (aft. 2 h.). [Trn.]

His reason leaves him.

10. Memory almost destroyed; he forgets the word on his tongue. [GREDING, l. c.]

His memory leaves him.

His consciousness is as if in a dream.

Mild delirium; cold on the whole body, with open eyes, cheerful, sometimes smiling countenance ; chatters about religious subjects and of vows to be fulfilled, prays, and thinks he is somewhere else than at home (aft. 1 h.).

Almost complete extinction of the senses. [VICAT, (From powder taken in soup.) Plntes venenneuses de la Suisse, p. 167.]

15. Dizzy, he feels as if there were nothing steady in his head.

In the morning very dizzy.

Dizzy continually for three days.

Stupid in the head with nausea for two days. [Fr.H-n.]

Headache with some stiffness. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

Headache with vomiting of green mucus. [GREDING, l. c.]

Headache and backache with bellyache and inclination to vomit. [GREDING, l. c., p. 85.]

Painful confusion of the head, with tensive pressure, sometimes in the temples, sometimes more in the vertex, most violent when sitting bolt upright and standing, but diminished when stooping forward and lying on the back, with rather contracted pupils. [Stf.]

Intermittent throbbing headache (aft. 6 h.).

25. Throbbing pain above the left eye, for a quarter of an hour (aft. 1 h.).

Aching throbbing pain in the head.

In the morning after waking, obtuse pressure in the crown of the head.

Pressive, semilateral, accompanied by pain in the stomach (aft. 4 h.).

Dull pressive headache, which extends from the temples to the forehead, is aggravated by lying forwards, but goes off by bending backwards and by external pressure; on the other hand, it recurs after raising himself up (aft. 3 h.). [Trn.]

30. Flat-pressing headache in the vertex, which became throbbing when moving. [Bch.]

Internal cutting in the vertex (aft. 4 h.). [Fz.]

Single stitches in the forehead even when sitting (aft. 4 h.). [Trn.]

His head is very heavy and all turns round in a circle in it. [LEDELIUS, l. c.]

Humming and buzzing in the front of the forehead, with dull internal headache (aft. 4 h.). [Fz.]

35. Drawing pain in the head and sacrum. [GREDING, l. c., p. 87.]

Violent headache with diuresis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 80.]

(Sensation as if a drop of water ran down on the temple, but not like a coolness.)

Extremely violent headache, which goes off on the occurrence of the menses. [GREDING, l. c., p. 81.]

Headache as if the brain were shattered.

40. By fits, pain here and there in the brain, compounded of bruised feeling and pressure.

Constrictive headache, with constrictive pain in the oesophagus.

Shock in the head and twitching in the left arm, with paleness of the fingers. [GREDING, l. c., p. 59.]

The blood rushes strongly into the head when stooping (aft. 8 h.).

Feeling of warmth and coldness at the same time on the head during which the hairs are sensitive.

45. Chilliness on the crown of the head and at the same time in the feet (aft. 1 h.).

Itching on the forehead.

Cold sweat on the forehead.

Itching, eroding, persistent prick on the hairy scalp, that compels scratching (aft. 10.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Feeling in the hair on the right side of the head as if a tuft of it were electrified, a creeping in it and as if it stood on end, with a slight shiver of the skin under that hair (aft. 5 h. and more). [Stf.]

50. During the headache a painful stiffness in the nape. [Stf.]

The pupils have a tendency to contract.

Contraction of the pupils (aft. 1.1/2 h.), with persistent contractive pain in the eyes.

Contracted pupils (immediately and aft. 6 h.). [Bch.]

Very contracted pupils in the first six hours. [Stf.]

55. Dilated pupils.

Very dilated pupils (aft. 4 h.).

Very dilated pupils (aft. 4 h.). [Trn.]

Enormously dilated pupils with very marked weakness of sight; he cannot recognise people even close to him, or only very slowly, at seven p.m. (aft. 8 h.). [Stf.]

Pain in the eyes. [GREDING, l. c., p. 34.]

60. Complains of pain in both eyes and moves the hands over the head. [GREDING, l. c., p. 62.]

Aching pain in the eye with loss if appetite. (At the same time the blood has an inflammatory coat.) [GREDING, l. c., p. 58.]

After a short siesta at noon, aching in the eyelids as if from too great dryness of them, followed by watering of the eye, at noon after dinner. [Stf.]

Painful dry feeling in the upper eyelid, as if there were salt betwixt it and the eyeball, without much redness of the eye, at noon after dinner. [Stf.]

Sensation of dryness of the eyelids.

65. The eyelids are dry, especially when he has slept; they are painful as if they had been rubbed sore; they are stiff and stick together.

Excessive dryness of the eyelids.

Painful aching shooting in the upper eyelid, at the outer canthus (aft. 10 h.). [Fz.]

A kind of paralysis of the eyelids, they felt too heavy, he could hardly raise them with the greatest effort.

Fine sharp pricks in the canthi. [Fz.]

70. Internally in the coverings of the eye a pricking itching (aft. 2 h.). [Fz.]

The right eyeball is painful at the outer canthus as if bruised, in repeated attacks; by pressing on it ceases to be painful (aft. 3 h.). [Fz.]

Heat in the eyes with headache. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

Redness of the white of the right eye. [GREDING, l. c., p. 39.]

Painful inflammation of the eyes with excessively violent headache, on account of which he cannot sleep at night (aft. 6 d.).

75. Inflammation of the eyes with tearing pain.

Inflammation of the white of the eye with tearing pain in it.

Inflammation of the right eye. [GREDING, l. c., p. 59.]

Inflammation of the right eye with febrile heat. [GREDING, l. c., p. 36.]

Severe inflammation of the eyes. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

80. Eyes of a watery appearance, as if they were covered with albumen. [Trn.]

Blueness of the left eye with frequent eructation. [GREDING, l. c., p. 62.]

Distorted projecting eyes.

Eyes turned backwards, so that the white only can be seen, for an hour [BORRICHIUS, (Not accessi.) Acta hafn., vi, p. 145.]

Sparks before the eyes. [GREDING, l. c., p. 35.]

85. When he rises from his seat black spots and sparks come before the eyes, on account of which he could not rise for eight hours, but must either sit or lie (aft. 3 h.). [Trn.]

Diplopia.

Feeling of weakness in the eyes.

His sight leaves him; he cannot see. [BORRICHIUS, l. c.]

Dull appearance of the eyes with blue rings round them.

90. Copious flow of water from the eyes and cutting pains with dryness and heat in them at the same time (aft. ½ h.).

Frequent flow of tears from the eyes, with redness of them, as in catarrh. (aft. 6 h.). [Bch.]

Long continued intense hot feeling in the eyes.

The eyelids stick together in sleep (aft. 2 h.).

Heat in the eyes and face with redness of the cheeks, as if a hot vapour blew on them.

95. Paleness of face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

Cold, distorted, death-like face.

Bluish complexion.

Dark red, hot face. [GREDING, l. c., p.p 41 and 64.]

Redness of face with great thirst and diuresis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 42.]

100. Extraordinary redness and heat of the face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 80.]

Burning in the face and head. [CONR. GESNER, (Effects of infusion.) Epist. Med., p. 69.]

An itching here and there in the face and behind the ears, as though pimples would break out there (without perceptible redness), with feeling of excoriation behind the ears (aft. 28 h.). [Stf.]

Creeping (shuddering) itching on various parts of the face, more smarting than pricking, where upon small red papules are thrown out, with red, hard, elevated borders, and brown, subsequently yellow, purulent heads, which at first are painless, but when they become ripe, touching causes sore feeling. [Fz.]

Thick miliary eruption on the cheek, with pain in the face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 64.]

105. Copper-coloured eruption on the face, round the mouth and chin. [GREDING, l. c., p. 81.]

Swelling of the face lasting several days. [GREDING, l. c., p. 49.]

(Twitching, pinching sensation in the muscular parts of the face) (aft 3 h.).

At noon twitching in the cheek, sparks before the left eye, paleness of the face and faint feeling, then vomiting of a quantity of white froth – an attack that returns for three days. [GREDING, l. c., p. 60.]

Drawing and tensive pain all over the right side of the chest, with flow of saliva. [GREDING, l. c., p. 35.]

(Sweat in the face and in the axillae when walking.)

In the morning a pressing in the right ear (aft. 2 d.).

Single stitches deep in the left ear. [Trn.]

Aching pain in the meatus auditoriuos externus,

115. In the right ear first a sensation as from a cold breath, followed by sensation of great heat in it, then again cold feeling, and so on alternately several times (aft. 26 h.). [Stf.]

Tinnitus aurium.

Roaring in the ears like wind and storm.

When he rises up from a seat he has immediately rushing and roaring before the ears, and it is as he saw nothing but fire before the eyes, for eight hours (aft. 4 h.). [Trn.]

Sensation as if a skin were stretched over the ear.

120. Deafness; one or other ear is stopped up.

He complains of deafness and pains in the chest. [GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

(Tearing in the lobe of the ear.)

Under the right ear-lobe smarting formication and itching. [Fz.]

Sharp stitches close behind the left ear and maxilla.

125. Sensation as if the nose were too dry inwardly, such as is caused by the dust of a dry road in the nose (aft. 3 h.).

Sensation as if the nose were ulcerated inwardly.

Sensation as if compression and pressing in of the nasal bone.

Red spots on the nose. [GREDING, l. c., p. 38.]

Vesicles close together on the nose. (The day after s. 128, in the same subject.)130. (Epistaxis at night during sleep.)

130.(Epistaxis at night during sleep.)

Epistaxis form the right nostril. [GREDING, l. c., p. 58.]

A smell of dung before the nose (aft. 16 h.).

Eruption of a pimple near the angle of the mouth, at the border of the red, which is painful per se, but still more when touched.

At the left angle of the mouth vesicular eruption. [GREDING, l. c., p. 41.]

135. red eruption round the mouth and on the chin. [GREDING, l. c., p. 52.]

In the evening dry lips and mouth, not without thirst (aft. 13 h.). [Fz.]

The skin of the lips cracks.

A burning in the vermilion of the upper lip and somewhat beyond it.

Foam before the mouth.

140. On opening the jaws shooting pain in the maxillary-joint, which prevents him depressing the lower jaw sufficiently (aft. 4 h.). [Trn.]

Closed jaws.

When eating all the muscles of the lower jaw are painful, as if bruised, so that he must cease chewing. [Trn.]

Obtuse pressure in the muscles of the left side of the jaw, like a strong pressure with a blunt piece of wood.

In the lower jaw a painful little lump, in which touching first causes a contractive pain, it then becomes a pustule with inflamed areola. [Fz.]

145. Anteriorly on the lower jaw a sore pain per se (aft. 9 h.). [Fz.]

Pain in the submaxillary glands, as if they were pinched (aft. 3 h.).

The glands of the left lower jaw swell; at the same time sore throat, especially on the left side, which when swallowing causes a kind of choking and constriction of the fauces, lasting a short time after swallowing (aft. 1 h.). [Bch.]

Drawing and pressure on the left side of the neck. [Fz.]

Grinding of the teeth. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

150. Looseness of the teeth.

Swelling of the gums and lower jaw. [GREDING, l. c., p. 56.]

Violent toothache and headache. [GREDING, l. c., p. 69.]

First toothache, then swollen red face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

During the toothache and inflammation of the tonsils great weakness. [GREDING, l. c., p. 69.]

155. In the left upper molars toothache compounded of aching and heaviness, as if they were filled with lead. [Fz.]

Toothache, first pressive, then, when chewing, ending in drawing radiating into the roots of the teeth, even when he merely takes something soft between the teeth. [Fz.]

Stammering. [S. GRASSIUS,(Effects of root taken medicinally. – This symptom temporary only.) Misc. Nat. Cur., Dec. I, ann. 4, p. 93.]

He cannot speak.

Speechlessness. [RODDER, (Not accessible.) in Alberti, Med. Leg., obs. 15.]

160. Burning on the tongue and in the oesophagus. [GESNER, l. c.]

Burning in the mouth, as if it were rubbed with pepper, yet it is not dry (aft. 1 h.). [Stf.]

Burning in the throat. [BERGIUS, (Statement.) Mat. Med., p. 872.]

Inflammation of the inside of the mouth. [GREDING, l. c., p. 36.]

At the back of the mouth and fauces a warmish sensation. [Fz.]

165. After the nausea, first pain in the mouth then great inflammation of the mouth, lastly, very red swollen tongue. [GREDING, l. c., p. 31.]

Dryness in the mouth, on the palate, and thirst for water. [Bch.]

Sticky and dry in the mouth, without particular thirst. [Stf.]

In the morning, after waking and rising, for an hour, extremely tiresome sensation of dryness in the mouth and stickiness, without thirst, which is but slightly relieved even after rinsing out the mouth (aft. 20 h.). [Stf.]

Wateriness alternating with dryness and stickiness in the mouth (aft. 24 h.). [Stf.]

170. Much tasteless water collects in the mouth. [Stf.]

Saliva runs incessantly out of the mouth, like waterbrash.

Flow of saliva. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 35 and 45.]

Flow of viscid saliva. [GREDING, l. c., p. 40.]

A numb sensation on the palate, as if a burnt place had healed and were covered with thick epidermis, or as if the palate were covered by the skin of a plum.

175. A quantity of water comes suddenly into the throat (water-brash), which he cannot swallow quick enough, and on account of its getting into the windpipe he often chokes (aft. 12.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

Something very cold rises up in the oesophagus (also a part far warm, sweetish-salt tasting. Slimy fluid is belched up (water-brash), whereupon the coldness in the oesophagus and palate ceases for a few moments, but comes back again (aft. 24 h.). [Stf.]

Increased flow of saliva, with pungent salt taste in the mouth and on the tongue, and great heat in the palm of the hand and in the scrobiculus cordis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 82.]

Flow of mucu from the mouth towards noon. [GREDING, l. c., p. 71.]

Drawing pain in the throat, thirst, and bellyache. [GREDING, l. c., p. 87.]

180. Spasmodic constriction and choking in the oesophagus, as though he had eaten an unripe or wild pear.

Narrowing of the oesophagus as from a tumour pressing on it.

Burning in the throat.

Scrapy feeling in the throat.

Roughness in the throat.

185. Dryness in the throat, which cannot be removed by drinking (aft. 6 h.).

Swelling of the oesophagus. (Not found.).

Swelling of the oesophagus with feeling as if he should choke. [GESNER, l. c.]

Hiccup.

Hiccup. [SMITH, l. c. – J. DE MURALTO, Misc. nat. Cur., Dec. ii, ann. 2, p. 240.]

190. Hiccup for half an hour. [GESNER, l. c.]

Long continued hiccup. [GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

Hiccup in the morning when smoking tobacco to which he is accustomed (aft. 24 h.).

In the chest he feels so full that he must always eructate, without nausea. [Fz.]

Empty eructation (immediately).

195. (Eructation, even when fasting; sour eructation in the afternoon.)

Bitter eructation.

Empty eructation in the evening after lying down in bed, followed by a scratchy, scrapy feeling in the larynx, almost like after heartburn (aft. 12 h.).

(Eructation with the taste of food.)

Frequent movement as though to eructate. [GREDING, l. c., p. 31.]

200. Forcible eructation, mostly of air (aft. 6.3/4 h.). [Stf.]

After eating empty eructation of air. [Trn.]

After frequent eructation copious ejection of mucus. [GREDING, l. c., p. 49.]

Constant sick eructation with very violent cough. [GREDING, l. c., p. 86.]

Voracious hunger. (Not found here.) [GREDING, l. c., p. 36.]

205. Voracious hunger, (GREDING adds “insatiable.”) without thirst. [GREDING, l. c., p. 69.]

Along with hunger great thirst. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 39 and 69.]

Diminished taste; a pappy taste in the mouth (aft. ¼ h.).

(Constant sour taste in the mouth with great accumulation of watery saliva.)

Tasteless saliva, want of taste in the mouth.

210. Taste and coolness in the mouth and thirst, as from pepperment drops.

Putrid herbaceous taste in the mouth almost like butter-burn (tussilago petasites) (aft. 3 h.).

Pungent pepperment taste in the throat, with sensation as of heat rising up from the oesophagus into the mouth, which persists and is accompanied by nausea with inclination to vomit.

Foul taste in the mouth like dung.

At noon no appetite for warm food, but all the more for fruit. [Bch.]

215. Longing only for cold food, herrings, sardines, fruit. [Bch.]

Appetite for fruit.

Longing for lemon-juice.

Longing for sour things.

Persistent, very eager longing for sour gherkins. [Fr.H-n.]

220. No appetite or hunger; he did not relish what he ate. [Trn.]

Aversion to warm food, and when he ate it he did not relish it, though he had not eaten for a long time; whereas he had longing for fruit.

Drinking is followed by shivering and goose-skin. [Fz.]

Along with hunger and thirst diuresis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

He is very qualmish, he would like to eat something but has no appetite for food. [Stf.]

225. He eats a great deal, but complains notwithstanding of hunger and emptiness of the stomach. [GREDING, l. c., p. 76.]

Qualmishness in the scrobiculus cordis. [Stf.]

Nausea. [SMYTH, l. c.]

Whilst eating nausea with hunger and pressure in the region of the stomach, which goes of immediately to vomit, which went off after eating meat at noon (aft. 12 h.).

230. Great nausea before the vomiting.

Constant nausea and flow of saliva, with good appetite and thirst. [GREDING, l. c., p. 66.]

Inclination to vomit with taste of bile in the mouth.

Great nausea with much thirst. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

Great nausea with profuse flow of saliva. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 54, 55, 56, 59, 63.]

235. Nausea with great thirst and diuresis, for three days. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

Great nausea, with red, perspiring face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 56.]

Inclination to vomit and hoarseness, much cough. [GREDING, l. c., p. 85.]

Inclination to vomit, during which froth runs out of his mouth. [GREDING, l. c., p. 80.]

Inclination to vomit, with lock-jaw (trismus). [GREDING, l. c., p. 82.]

240. Inclination to vomit, with flow of saliva and lock-jaw. [GREDING, l. c., p. 83.]

Extreme irritation to vomit almost to fainting. [GREDING, l. c., p.68.]

Vomiting. [SMYTH, l. c. – MURALTO, l. c. - GREDING, l. c. – (immediately) LEDELIUS, l. c.]

Vomiting of food. [GREDING, l. c., p. 39.]

Two attacks of vomiting, each time vomiting three or four times; in the intervals of half a quarter of an hour between the attacks of vomiting, the nausea persisted; the vomited matter smelt sour. (The vomiting was allayed by drinking cold milk, but there occurred afterwards in bed a very severe chill.)

245. Vomiting of the food with green slime. [GREDING, l. c., p. 34.]

Vomiting of all food and long sleep. [GREDING, l. c., p. 77.]

Vomiting of the ingesta with slime and green matter. [GREDING, l. c., p. 32.]

Vomiting of green slime. [GREDING, l. c., p. 37.]

Vomiting of green slime and then of a quantity of froth then of yellowish-green, sour smelling slime. [GREDING, l. c., p. 60.]

Nocturnal vomiting of very viscid slime. [GREDING, l. c., p. 56.]

Vomiting of white slime, with good appetite. [GREDING, l. c., p. 68.]

255. During vomiting of dark green slime and diarrhoea he has appetite for food and drink. [GREDING, l. c., p. 80.]

Vomiting of greenish-black slime. [GREDING, l. c., p. 40.]

Black vomit. [ALSTON, (Statement, - This symptom occurred when the drug was administered to maniacs and melancholics.)

First vomiting of bile then of very viscid mucus.

260. He vomits first bile then black bile, lastly, blood. [BENIVENIUS, (Observation of poisoning.) in Schenck, viii, obs. 174.]

Cholera. [CL. GALENUS, (Statement.) Comment, v, Aphor. 1. – P. FORESTUS, (Observation of poisoning.) xviii, obs. 44. – REIMANN, l. c.]

Violent, enormous vomiting, [ETTMULLER, (Effects of root taken medicinally.) Op. tom. ii, pt. ii, p. 435. – VICAT, l. c. – FORESTUS, l. c. – LORRY, (Effects of cooked root.) De Melanch., ll, p. 312. – LENTILIUS, (Effects of infusion in wine.) Misc. nat. Cur., Dec. iii, ann. 1, app.]

Each time before vomiting shivering all over the body.

At the very commencement of the vomiting he must lie down, and at the termination of it he is so weakened, the femora seem as of they would escape from the hip-joints.

265. Before the vomiting cold hands; after the vomiting hot hands with ebullition of the blood. [GREDING, l. c., p. 83.]

Vomiting with heat of the body. [GREDING, l. c., p. 40.]

Distension of the abdomen. [REIMANN, l. c.]

Distension of the abdomen with flow of saliva. [GREDING, l. c., p. 82.]

Swelling of the abdomen, with bellyache and emission of flatus. [GREDING, l. c., p. 85.]

270. Loud rumbling in the abdomen. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 50 and 56.]

Bellyache with loud rumbling. [GREDING, l. ., p. 39.]

Painless grumbling in the abdomen, as from flatulence (aft. ¾ h.). [Stf.]

In the abdomen flatulent grumbling and pinching; rare and scanty flatus is also discharged. [Stf.]

Discharge of flatus (aft. 7 h.). [Stf.]

275. Rumbling in the abdomen as if he had diarrhoea, during which flatus is often expelled (aft. 6 h.). [Trn.]

Cardialgia. [REIMANN, l. c.]

Pressure in the stomach.

Pressure in the stomach. [GREDING, l. ., pp. 71 and 78.]

Burning (incendium) in the region of the scrobiculus cordis. [MURALTO, l. c.]

280. Squeezing pain in the scrobiculus cordis, more when walking.

Pain in the stomach as from voracious hunger.

Violent pressure in the scrobiculus cordis, which extends into the sternum, hypochondria, and ossa ilii (aft. 8 h.).

Complain of stomachache, and yet he eats, drinks, and sleeps much. [GREDING, l. c., p. 78.]

Pains in the stomach and bowels. [LORRY, l. c.]

285. (Feeling of weakness of the stomach with inward coldness in the region of the stomach and slight pressure.)

After a moderate meal when walking shooting in the region of the spleen (aft. 24 h.).

Tensive pain in the hypochondria, as from flatulence.

About the scrobiculus cordis aching and drawing pains.

Pain in the hypochondria and chest on of inability to get rid of the flatus.

290. In the afternoon, shortly after eating, pinching in the belly, sometimes below sometimes above the navel, which went into a different place when sitting to what it did when walking, aid vice versa. [bch.]

Bellyache, thirst and diuresis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 63.]

Nocturnal bellyache with sleeplessness. [GREDING, l. c., p. 54.]

Pain in the umbilical region. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 44 and 77.]

Soon after eating cutting shooting pain in the hypogastrium (aft. 29 h.). [Fz.]

295. Cutting pains in the umbilical region, with diuresis and thirst. [GREDING, l. c., p. 70.]

Sometimes shooting pain in the belly, sometimes shooting pains here and there on the body, with a smarting as if from pepper in the throat. [BERGIUS, l. c.]

During the whole morning an aching, obtuse pain, as if bruised in the bowels in the pubic region, at the same in the left groin a sensation as though a hernia would occur there, chiefly when sitting. [Stf.]

Dull bellyache from distension and tension of the abdomen by flatulence, as if the bowels were constipated, with restlessness.

Without much tension of the abdomen or pain when touched, pain round the navel as from flatulence (aft. 6 h.). [Stf.]

300. Pain in the abdomen now in one place then in another as if knives were cutting into it (immediately).

Twitching in the abdominal muscles, with not disagreeable warmth in the chest (aft. ½ h.).

Pinching in the abdomen, as in diarrhoea, but without call to stool (aft. 2 h.). [Trn.]

In the evening when walking drawing aching pain in the belly. [Fz.]

Pain in the belly from the back forwards to the navel. [GREDING, l. c., p. 50.]

305. Drawing tearing pain in the hypogastrium, chiefly above the os pubis, for a minute at a time (aft. 1 h.).

Cutting pains in the belly (aft. 12 h.).

Very early in the morning (about 4 o’clock) cutting pains in the belly with diarrhoea.

Flatulent colic, which attacks the bowels here and there and the whole abdomen; the longer the flatus is retained the more difficult as it to be expelled (from 6 to 12 h.).

The bowels are painful as if bruised when the flatus delays to come away.

310. Painful pressure in the caecal region, as from spasmodically incarcerated flatulence (aft. 1 h.).

Frequent discharge of flatus (the first hours).

Wind is forcibly discharged upwards and downwards.

Attempts at protrusion of an inguinal hernia.

Movement as if a hernia would become strangulated.

315. When coughing stitches occur which dart out from the abdomen through the inguinal ring along the spermatic cord (aft. 3 h.).

After drawing pinching pain in the belly there occurs discharge of flatus and a stool of viscid faeces, that is very adherent to the rectum. [Fz.]

Frequent sensation in the abdomen as though diarrhoea would ensue, but without urging to stool; only a kind of qualmishness and rumbling in the abdomen. [Stf.]

A feeling of want to go to stool and urging to stool in the upper part of the abdomen, and yet the stool is only evacuated with difficulty or not at all, as if on account of inactivity of the rectum, and as though it took no part in the persistaltic motion of the rest of the bowels (aft. 4, 15 h.).

In the morning after waking in bed, sudden (pinching?) pain in the belly, and immediately afterwards urging to evacuate; during the bellyache he passed yellowish-green, pappy faeces, the latter portion of which consisted half of mucus; even after the evacuation the urging remained behind a sensation in the bowels above the pubes as if they were bruised, and a squeamush sensation in the scrobiculus cordis (aft. 20 h.). [Stf.]

320. Along with flatus some thin faeces pass unobserved (aft. 4, 16 h.).

After dinner flatus is discharged unobserved with fluid stool; then diarrhoea of acrid faeces with tenesmus (aft. 1 h.).

Excessive evacuations. [RODDER, l. c.]

Very frequent and painful diarrhoea. [LEDELIUS, l. c.]

Frequent and violent diarrhoeic stools (immediately). [BENIVENIUS, l. c.]

325. Quick often stools (the first hours).

Too soft stool. [Fr.H-n.]

Diarrhoea. [LENTILIUS, l. c.]

Diarrhoea with profuse perspiration. [GREDING, l. c., p. 56.]

Before stool a sensation deep in the hypogastrium as if syncope were about to ensue.

330. Before stool a twisting in the abdomen and back, preceded by great exhaustion, after stool stronger and lighter.

During the evacuation of the bowels an anxiety with dread of apoplexy.

Diarrhoea with pains during and after the stool.

During the frequent stools chilliness and shivering. [GREDING, l. c., p. 60.]

During the evacuation of the bowels extraordinary exhaustion. [GREDING, l. c., p. 44.]

335. He becomes pale in the face during the stool. (Should be “during the frequent stools,” as in S. 333.][GREDING, l. c., p. 40.]

During the diarrhoea appetite for food and drink. [GREDING, l. c., p. 76.]

Violent, bloody diarrhoea. [ETTMULLER, l. c. – DESSENIUS, (Not accessible.) Composit. Medicam. Lib. x, p. 422.]

A diarrhoeic stool (aft. 12 h.). [Bch.]

Stool, the first part of which is of large size, but the remainder comes away in thin strips, but of proper consistence and colour. [Stf.]

340. The excrements are acrid (aft. 12 h.).

Constiveness, constipation on account of hardness and large size of the faeces (aft. 3, 14 h.).

The first day constipation. [Trn.]

During the costiveness diuresis. (Not found.) [GREDING, l. c., p. 28.]

During the costiveness heat and pain in the head. [GREDING, l. c., p. 44.]

345. Long-continued constipation. [GREDING, l. c., p. 76.]

All the evacuations are suppressed. (For some days, from an excessively large dose.)

During the evacuations profuse cold sweat on the forehead. [ALBERTI, (This sixth volume not accessible.) Jurisc. Med., t, vi., p. 718.]

Burning in the anus during the stool (aft. 12 h.).

A burning in the anus during the stool. [GREDING, l. c., p. 36.]

350. (Sore pain at the anus.) [Stf.]

Pressing upon he anus, with blind piles.

Blind piles (aft. 10 h.).

Aching pain the bladder, and burning when urinating. [GREDING, l. ., p. 55.]

Burning in the fore part of the urethra during micturition (aft. 3 h.). [Trn.]

355. Scalding urine.

Acridity of the urine.

Stitch in the orifice of the urethra after micturition.

Pinching pain in the urethra when not urinating.

Pain in the urethra as if it were constricted behind the glans penis, accompanied by urging to urinate, ineffectual because the bladder was empty (aft. 24 h.).

360. Involuntary micturition. [GREDING, l. c., p. 31.]

During the flow of urine loud rumbling in the belly. [GREDING, l. c., p. 51.]

Diuresis. [KALM, (Statement. (ii, 93, of English translation.) Resa til Norra America, iii, p. 49.]

Diuresis with severe coryza. [GREDING, l. c.]

The scanty urine is yellow and turbid, even when first passed (aft. 24 h.).

365. Excoriation of the prepuce.

Drawing pain in the testicles.

Erections of the penis.

Greater feeling and sensitiveness of the genital organs (aft. 12, 15 h.).

Copious menses. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

370. The long-absent menses return at the new moon.

The menses that had been suppressed many years reappear. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 51, 80.]

Before the catmanenia epistaxis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 59.]

The catamenia return too soon, on the thirteenth and ninth days. [GREDING, l. c.]

Small pimples on the right labium, before the menses. [GREDING, l. c.]

375. Before the menses (towards noon) vertigo (In original, “drehen im Kopfe.”) and (at night) sweat. [GREDING, l. c., p. 70.]

During the flow of the menses (which had remained absent six weeks) headache (tearing?), especially in the morning, with inclination to vomit; in the evening the headache is relieved.

During the catamenia roaring in the ears, pain in all the limbs, and great thirst. (Not found.) [GREDING, l. c., p. 81.]

Towards the end of the menstrual flux grinding of the teeth and bluish face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

Dryness and heat in the nose as in stuffed coryza (aft. 6 h.). [Stf.]

380. Coryza (aft. 8 h.).

Violent, very frequent sneezing. [MURALTO, l. c.]

Catarrh on the chest, without actual (involuntary) cough; the viscid mucus be brought by hacking cough (aft. 8 h.).

Violent palpitation of the heart which pushes the ribs out; the heart beats very high and pushes the hand away, without pain.

Palpitation of the heart with anxiety, and quicker audible respiration. [Bch.]

385. Excessive anxiety that takes away the breath.

Oppression of the chest after a burning in the throat and a gnawing pain in the stomach. [BERGIUS, l. c.]

Tightness of the chest and difficult respiration, even when sitting, and at the same time headache. [Bch.]

Tightness of the chest: he cannot draw in sufficient breath on account of narrowing of the air tubes by viscid, dense mucus (aft. 4.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

On the slightest movement, even in the house, short breath (a kind of oppression of the chest), which only goes off on sitting quite silent and motionless.

390. Extremely laboured and difficult respiration. [BENIVENIUS, l. c.]

Spasmodic contraction of the intercostal muscles towards the left side, which hinders breathing (aft. 3 h.).

Painful constriction of the chest.

Soft pressure on the chest, when standing, and tightness of the chest (aft. 11.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

When walking tightness of the chest and pressing in it as from fulness, so that his breath fails him. [Fz.]

395. It takes away his breath.

It takes away his breath. [FOREST, l. c.]

Almost completely extinct, unnoticeable breathing.

They were in danger of suffocation, so tight as their breath. [L. SCHOLZIUS, (Observation of poisoning.) in Schenk, lib. viii, obs. 178.]

Constriction of the larynx. [MURALTO, l. c. – WINTER, (Observation.) in Breslauer Sammlung, 1724, p. 267.]

400. Suffocative constriction of the larynx. [REIMANN, - LORRY, l. c.]

Spasmodic constriction of the larynx, with contracted pupils.

Attacks of constriction of the larynx, suffocative attacks, with protruding eyes (aft. ½ h.).

Scrapy feeling in the throat like cattarh.

Pulsating pressure, as with a blunt point, on the left side of the chest, in the region of the fourth rib; on touching the part there was sore pain and as if festering. [Fz.]

405. Attacks of anxiety at the heart, which then beats very strongly, and with a feeling as if it were very warm (aft. 4 h.). [Trn.]

In the left side of the chest contractive pain, like cramp, periodically recurring (immediately).

Frequent oppression on the chest, and on breathing a pain in the side, especially in the morning on rising (aft. 5 d.).

Squeezing pain in the region of the sternum, more after drinking than after eating.

A pressive pain in the region of the sternum after eating and drinking.

410. Pressure in the region of the sternum (aft. 2 h.).

A pressure ending in stitch under the last right rib, worst when breathing (aft. 24 h.).

Cutting pain in the chest (aft. 15 h.).

Pain under the ribs, especially during expiration.

Some attacks during the day of shooting pain in the right side of the chest that interrupts respiration.

415. In the left side of the chest, on a small spot, a pricking throbbing pain (aft. 5 h.).

Stitches in the right side. [GREDING, l. c., p. 32.]

Pain in the side with pains in the region of the stomach. [GREDING, l. c., p. 53.]

Pain in all the ribs. [GREDING, l. c., p. 31.]

Pain in the side, in the breasts and thighs. [GREDING, l. c., p. 54.]

420. Sharp, slow stitches near the nipple, that at last itch. [Fz.]

Pain in the left side of the chest, then in the back. [GREDING, l. c., p. 54.]

Frequently recurring chest pains. [GREDING, l. c., p. 44.]

A painful rhytmical pressure in the upper part of the sternum. [Bch.]

Grasping pain in the right side of the chest (aft. 20 h.). [Fr.H-n.]

425. Pain in the chest with dry cough. [GREDING, l. c., p. 42.]

Tickling quite low down in the air tubes, causing cough, with slight expectoration (aft. 1, 6 h.).

Dry short cough, excited by a tickle in the lowest part of the sternum (immediately).

Tickle quite low down in the ramifications of the air tubes, causing cough, without expectoration (aft. 24 h.).

During the cough oppression in the chest.

430. Along with almost dry cough, pain in the side and headache. [GREDING, l. c., p. 85.]

During the cough pain in the left side, with weakness and dyspnoea. [GREDING, l. c., p. 35.]

In the evening deep, hollow cough, each time of three to four impulses, which seemed to come from the abdomen. [Bch.]

Hollow cough with long impulses, and cutting pain in the abdomen (aft. 6 h.). [Bch.]

Tickle on the chest as though to cough, in the middle of the sternum (aft. ½ and 1 h.). [Bch.]

435. In the evening severe cough, for three hours with flow of saliva. [GREDING, l. c., p. 42.]

At night hoarse, dry cough. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

At night and in the morning severe dry cough. [GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

After dry cough frequent expectoration. [GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

Cough and copious expectoration, with blueness (In original, “schwarz.”) of the face and involuntary micturition. [GREDING, l. c., p. 85.]

440. Heaviness of the head in the nape; the cervical muscles cannot support the head.

The muscles of the nape are as if paralysed.

Rheumatic stiffness of the nape, which causes vertigo, especially when moving.

Round about the neck and on the chest a pricking as from stinging-nettles, which is allayed by stroking with the hand (with redness and miliary eruption on the skin, only observable on passing the hand over it).

Pain outwardly on the neck, as if the skin were excoriated there.

445. Burning in the region of the scapulae. [GESNER, l. c.]

Pain from the scapulae all over the back, with diuresis, thirst, and costiveness. [GREDING, l. c., p. 53.]

Oppression between the scapulae, also when sitting; on turning the pain becomes decidedly tugging.

Rheumatic pain, left when moving, betwixt the scapulae and from the nape to the sacrum; it is particularly severe when going to stool.

Violent pressure on the scapulae, as if they were bruised and contused.

450. After (“after” should be “before.”) pains in the back pain in the umbilical region. [GREDING, l. c., p. 80.]

When stooping and raising himself up again aching pain in the back, and as if it were broken, in the morning. [Fz.]

The spine is painful when walking, and afterwards a drawing aching, as if bruised; this pain is removed by pressure (aft. 11 h.). [Fz.]

Pain in the loins. [GREDING, l. ., p. 54.]

Pain in the loins and gouty tearing pains in the inferior extremities. [GREDING, l. c., p. 49.]

455. After rising from a seat when moving a paralytic and bruised pain in the joint of the sacrum and knee.

Pain in the sacrum when walking on a level, not when sitting (in the morning).

When stooping there occurred in the sacrum a stitch which lasted a long time.

When standing an aching pain in the sacrum.

When stooping, as well as when rising up, the sacrum on its left side is painful as if bruised. [Fz.]

460. Intermittent stitches on the coccyx when standing, more itching than shooting. [Fz.]

On the shoulder a cutting pain like a single cut.

Single stitches in the left shoulder-joint, even when at rest (aft. 4 h.). [Trn.]

In the right axilla a slight indescribable pain. [Stf.]

Gouty pain in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm and in the knee.

465. The arms are affected with paralytic pain, as if bruised; he can only raise them up and keep them up with pain and effort.

Twitchings in both arms. [GREDING, l. c., p. 71.]

Paralytic bruised pain of the left upper arm on stretching it out.

Feeling of coldness of the arms on raising them up.

Sensation in the arm as if it were too full and swollen.

470. In the middle of the left humorous a down-drawing pain, as if sore from lying on it (aft. ½ h.). [Fz.]

On flexing the elbow drawing pain in the bend of it; it feels to him to be swollen and as if he could not bend it perfectly in consequence; at the same time a paralysed feeling in the arm (aft. 15 h.). [Fz.]

Pain in the middle of the left forearm, as if the bone were pressed.

Trembling in the arm when grasping anything with the hand.

Twitching in the right wrist and further up towards the elbow.

475. (A dry tetter on the hand between the thumb and forefinger.)

An eroding itching on the inner side of the wrist (. 24 h.).

Formication in the hands and fingers.

Formication in the hand as if it had been asleep.

Formication in the fingers causing anxiety.

480. Dying away, going to sleep of the fingers (aft. 1 h.).

Th second row of the bone shafts of the fingers is painful on grasping anything (aft. 20 h.).

Red painless pimples on the backs of the fingers between the second and third joints (aft. 20 h.).

Tensive pain in the middle finger on moving it (aft. 20 h.).

Pain in the thumb-joint as if dislocated.

485. Burning itching pain in the first phalanx of the little finger, as if it were frost-bitten.

In the upper part of the glutei muscles a cramp-like drawing when standing. [Fz.]

Very great difficulty of walking, like paralysis, first of the right, then also of the left hip-joint.

The thighs and hips seem as if they would break down and are painful as if paralysed.

Weakness almost only on the thighs and knees.

490. Visible pulsating twitching of the large outer femoral muscle when sitting and standing; this muscle rose up in a painless pulsating manner, and sank down in a similar way, recurring immediately after walking (aft. 9 h.). [Fz.]

In the muscles of the thigh rheumatic drawing pain when standing (aft. 3 h.). [Fz.]

Cramp-like pressive pain in the thigh to in the calf when he supports himself less on that leg when standing (aft. 3.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

The thighs are painful when sitting, as of broken (aft. 8 h.). [Fz.]

Tension in the houghs when standing and walking as if they were too short.

495. When standing spasmodic drawing pain from the hough up into the right thigh (aft. 12 h.). [Fz.]

On the outer side of the knee-joint a cold, sore sensation. [Fz.]

Cracking in the knee.

A cutting pain as if with a knife on the knee, transient, a single cut.

(Shooting in the knee and ankle)(aft. 5 d.).

500. Drawing in the knees sometimes, when standing, walking, and sitting.

Bruised pain in the knees when going downstairs (aft. 4 h.).

Painful twitching in the right knee.

Single, visible, high raising up of the knee when sitting (in the afternoon), once every quarter and half hour, without pains; he started every time it occurred; it ceased on lying down in the evening.

Sensation like electric shocks, followed by bruised pain in the knee and elbow.

505. Pains in the legs, especially the knees, as from extreme weariness, as if large stones were fastened to them; in order to get relief he must lay them first in one place then in another (aft. 48 h.).

Pain on treading immediately under the knee in the bone, as if it had been broken and was not yet quite firm.

A downward tearing pain in the tibia.

His tibia burn in the evening as though they emerged from great cold (aft. 14 h.). [Fz.]

Heavy pain of the legs as from fatigue.

510. A formication in the legs up to the knee, a painful swarming in them.

Heavy pain of the legs, as if paralysis impended, in the morning.

Cramp in the calves.

In the calf smarting itching and formicating sensation when standing (aft. 4 h.). [Fz.]

Pain in the calves and tibia, as if they would break down.

515. Pressure on the ankle, as if the bone were actually touched and pressed, momentarily (aft. 8 d.).

Painful drawing transversely through the joints of the foot when sitting (aft. 1.1/2 h.). [Fz.]

A burning in the ankle.

The ankle joints are painful when walking as if sprained, after having, while sitting, stretched the feet so far behind him that they came to rest on the backs of the toes, in the evening (aft. 15 h.). [Fz.]

The feet swell quickly and after a few hours again become thin.

520. Twitchings in quick succession in the weak foot when standing but nit when walking (aft. 3 d.).

Coldness in the feet, as if cold water were running about in them, with trembling.

When walking a tensive pain in the extensor tendons of the toes.

Short shooting pains on the toes of the right foot …..

Shooting pains in the big toe (aft. 5 h.).

525. Brings on a return of the podagra.

Almost burning itching deep in the lower part of the left heel (after 2 h.).

When sitting a violent prick in a corn on the left foot (aft. 14 h.). [Fz.]

Sore pain in the corn when he raises himself up so that he comes to stand only on his toes, in the evening (aft. 15 h.). [Fz.]

Tottering gait.

530. When walking he feels a clumsiness and heaviness in the feet and knees. [Stf.]

His arms and legs always feel as if gone to sleep, even when lying (aft. 8 h.). [Trn.]

Painful paralysis, as from over-exertion in the upper and lower extremities, only when moving; he can scarcely drag himself along.

Heat and formication in the whole body to the tips of fingers and toes. [GREDING, l. c., p. 83.]

An itching on the arms and legs, as though an eruption would break out, but without redness (aft. 2 h.). [Stf.]

535. Eroding itching on the skin (aft. 12 h.).

An itching apparently in the bones.

Desquamation of the skin. [EMETIUS, (Observation, - after but slight vomiting and purging.) Misc. Med., p. 265.]

Cutaneous eruption like the itch.

In several places (spots) agglomerated painful papules.

540. Miliary rash, which when he becomes warm, even during the day, itches (only in the region of the joints?); after scratching the places burn, and wheals arise, as from stinging-nettles.

Burning sensation. (With S. 33.) [KALM, l. c.]

Pain in the muscular parts of the body, compounded of aching and bruised feeling.

Sensation in the bones as if they were bruised (aft. 2 h.).

Flying stitches here and there on the body.

545. Drawing pain in the limbs.

When walking quickly drawing pain in the limbs, which goes off on walking farther.

When sitting tearing pain in the extensor muscles.

(Pain in the limbs on which he lies, as if the bed were as hard as stone.)

Stiffness of the limbs, especially in the forenoon, and after standing.

550. The limbs go to sleep.

Pain of all the limbs, as though they were exhausted by excessive fatigue.

Extension (tension) of the limbs. (With S. 33.) [LEDELIUS, l. c.]

In the limbs spasmodic drawing up ver the joints when moving (aft. 10, 12 h.). [Fz.]

Twitchings in the limbs and profuse perspiration; then headache, vertigo, and great drinking. [GREDING, l. c., p. 71.]

555. Spasm, convulsions. [MURALTO, - WINTER, - RODDER, - LEDELIUS, - LORRY, l. c.]

Epileptic spasms. (General spasms seem hardly ever to caused by veratrum, except just before death, and seem to be an antagonism of nature indicative of its powerlessness. )

Trembling of the whole body.

Trembling in all the limbs, horrible cardiac anxiety, and tendency to syncope. [ALBERTI, l. c.]

Desire to lie down.

560. The open air affects him greatly, just as the open air affects and oppresses a person recovering from an acute disease.

Tendency to perspire at every movement.

Exhaustion in all the limbs.

Exhaustion all over the body as though he had walked too far (aft. 2 h.). [Trn.]

Exhaustion as though the air were too hot.

565. Long-continued weakness.

Prostration and weakness of the whole body, especially of the arms and hands, so that it was impossible for him to hold out a not heavy book before him. [Bch.]

In the morning drowsy exhaustion, which prevents him rising from bed.

He cannot stand up for eight hours, but must either sit or lie; if he stands up he is tortured by horrible anxiety, during which the forehead is covered by cold sweat, and he becomes sick to vomiting (aft. 3 h.). [Trn.]

When lying the exhaustion was not relieved, but all the other sufferings were, and they recurred only when he stood up; when sitting they went off, the headache alone remained. [Trn.]

570. Extreme weakness. (Iron seemed to remove this.)

Extreme weakness. (Smyth says, “especially in lower extremities.”) [BENIVENIUS, - SMYTH, - VICAT, l. c.]

The strength gives way, he sinks together.

Paralytic sinking of the strength.

Rapid sinking of all the strength, which invited to sleep, in the forenoon.

575. Slow movement of the body.

Relaxation of the muscles.

He dreads an attack of syncope. [LORRY, l. c.]

Syncope.

Syncope. [FOREST, l. c.]

580. Apoplexy. [DOBERZEWSKY, (Effects of root taken medicinally – By this term the resimply means unconsciousness which supervened upon much vomiting and purging.)

Imperceptible pulse. [RODDER, l. c.]

Pulse very slow and almost extinguished (aft. 4 and more h.).

The pulse of ordinary rapidity, but quite weak and almost imperceptible (aft. 8 h.). [Bch.]

585. Yawning.

After the midday nap yawning and stretching. [Stf.]

Yawning, often so violent that it caused a roaring in the ears. [Bch.]

Repeated yawning and stretching, with weakness and bruised feeling in the joints, as though he had not slept enough (in the morning). [Fz.]

General powerlessness of the body as though he had not slept enough, with liveliness of the mind (in the morning). [Fz.]

590. On account of excessive liveliness of the mind he could not get to sleep before midnight, for two successive nights; at the same time an intolerable feeling of heat in bed (he endeavoured to throw off the clothes) with restless tossing about. [Stf.]

He is late of falling asleep. [Stf.]

Long, uninterrupted sleep.[GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

(Too profound sleep.)

Sleep for three days, even during the epileptic fits. (In an epileptic patient.) [GREDING, l. c., p. 32.]

595. Tranquil sleep, with thirst and diuresis. [GREDING, l. c., p. 49.]

Stupefied sleep, waking sopor.

Waking sopor; one eye remains open, the other is closed or half closed, and he often starts, as if from affright (aft. ½ h.).

(After going to bed, in the evening, almost until midnight, anxiety and, during waking sopor, drawing movements in the abdomen, which cause roaring in the head.)

Drowsiness with starting in affright, which prevents him sleeping; afterwards febrile symptoms.

600. He fell asleep he lays his arms over his head (the first hours).

Moaning in sleep.

Sleep interrupted by anxiety and emotional disturbance, with complaints that the blood in all his blood-vessels, especially in the head, was burning, and spasm rose from the chest to the throat, with particular heat of the head and hands; heat and anxiety went off in the open air, and were followed by frequent yawning. [GREDING, l. c., p. 82.]

(At night waking up with much chilly trembling in the right arm.)

605. Indistinct dreams; in the morning he wakes unusually early. [Fz.]

Vivid anxious dreams of robbers; he woke up in a fright and continued to believe that the dream was true.

Dream of being violently hunted.

Frightful dreams, and then vomiting of very viscid green slime. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

At night frightfully anxious dreams, e.g. that a dog bit him and he could not escape. [Bch.]

610. At night quarrelsome dreams. [Trn.]

Coldness of the whole body.

Coldness of the body. [VICAT, l. c.]

Coldness and feeling of cold in the whole body (aft. 11 m.). [Bch.]

Coldness running over the whole body soon after taking it. [Bch.]

615. Feeling of internal chill ran through him from the head to the toes of both feet at once, with thirst (immediately after taking it). [Bch.]

Chilliness in the whole body. [RODDER, l. c.]

Shivering, horripilation in the skin, e.g. of the face (aft. 2 h.).

In the morning, chilliness and shivering. [GREDING, l. c., p. 60.]

Continued rigor in the back and over the arms. [Stf.]

620. All day chilliness and shivering and drawing pain on the neck and in the back. [GREDING, l. c., p. 87.]

Chilliness in the limbs and drawing pain in them. [GREDING, l. c., p. 81.]

In the morning immediately after rising, whilst dressing, febrile rigor. [Bch.]

Chilliness and heat alternating from time to time, at the same time vertigo, constant anxiety and inclination to vomit. [GREDING, l. c., p. 37.]

Sudden alteration of general paleness of the face, with heat and redness of the face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 37.]

625. In the morning febrile chill and coldness with thirst, for half an hour, not followed by heat, woth weakness of the limbs especially the thighs (aft. 24 h.). [Bch.]

Much thirst for cold drinks (immediately). [Fr.H-n.]

In the afternoon and evening much thirst. [Bch.]

In the evening heat and redness in the face (and shivering in the body), also in the morning in bed heat of the face.

In the sinciput and forehead heat which passes first into warm then into persistent cold frontal sweat.

630. Redness and heat of the face with slight febrile rigor.

Heat and redness in the face and heat of the hands, with careless disposition, giving attention only to the things in his immediate neighbourhood, and tendency to start (aft. 1 h.).

Heat and burning and redness of the cheeks with contracted pupils and cold feet (aft. 10 h.). [Fz.]

Febrile movements.

Fever (I have observed it sometimes in the evening, sometimes in the morning.) recurring on several days, sometimes for a long time.

635. Daily fever, before midnight.

Internal heat, and yet he refuses to drink, [GRASSIUS, l. c.]

Heat all over the body and general sweat, without thirst, with pale face (aft. 2 h.). [Trn.]

In the evening in bed immediately heat and perspiration, but more heat.

In the evening while walking slowly in the open air heat in the back, as if perspiration would break out. [Stf.]

640. In the evening, when about to go to sleep, perspiration all over.

In the morning some perspiration, especially on the face; also by day tendency to sweat on the face.

Sweat only on the hands. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

Very profuse sweat all over the body towards morning. [Fr.H-n.]

Bitter smelling sweat, towards morning. [Fr.H-n.]

645. Cold sweat.

Cold sweat. (“On the forehead,” Reimann says.”) [REIMANN, - RODDER, l. c.]

As soon as he rises from his seat cold sweat breaks out on his forehead. [Trn.]

Cold sweat all over the body. [VICAT, l. c.]

Cold sweat breaks out all over the head and on the trunk. [RENIVENIUS, l. c.]

650. Sour sweat. [GREDING, l. c.]

Profuse sour sweat. [GREDING, l. c., p. 77.]

Whilst sweating a burning in the skin. [J. F. MULLER, (Observation on a patient.) in Hufel, Journ. xii, i.]

Long- continued night sweat. [GREDING, l. c., p. 51.]

Profuse, persistent sweat during prolonged sleep. [GREDING, l. c., p. 58.]

655. Profuse sweat, with great thirst and good appetite. [GREDINg, l. c., p. 80.]

During the sweat excessive thirst. [GREDING, l. c., p. 87.]

Anxiety. [MURALTO, - REIMANN, - LORRY, - RODDER, l. c.]

Anxiety and vertigo. [GREDING, l. c., p. 87.]

In the evening and after dinner extreme anxiety, so that he knew not where to turn. [GREDING, l. c., p. 83.]

660. Throughout the night great anxiety. [GREDING, l. c., pp. 58, 59.]

In the morning great anxiety. [GREDING, l. c., p. 58.]

Slight delirium. [GRASSIUS, l. c., p. 66.]

He makes a great noise, tries to run away, and can hardly be restrained. [GREDING, l. c., p. 78.]

Cursing and making a noise all night, and complains of being stupid, with headache and flow of saliva. [GREDING, l. c., p. 78.]

665. Stamps with his feet (with anorexia). [GREDING, l. c., p. 67.]

Along with persistent fury great heat of the body. [GREDING, l. c., p. 69.]

Fury: tears his clothes, and does not speak. [GREDING, l. c., p. 69.]

He bites his shoes to pieces and swallows the fragments. [GREDING, l. c., p. 42.]

He swallows his own excrement. [GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

670. He does not know his relations. [GREDING, l. c., p. 41.]

Mania: he alleges that he is a hunter. [GREDING, l. c., p. 35.]

He pretends he is a prince and gives himself airs accordingly. [GREDING, l. c., p. 43.]

He asserts that he is deaf and blind and that he had got cancer. [GREDING, l. c., p. 42.]

She asserts that she had labour pains. [GREDING, l. c., p. 54.]

675. She boasts that she is pregnant. [GREDING, l. c., p. 49.]

She announces her imminent confinement. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

She kisses every one who comes near her, before the occurrence of the menses. [GREDING, l. c., p. 45.]

Great redness and heat of the face wit continual laughing. [GREDING, l. c., p. 51.]

Laughing alternating with whining. [GREDING, l. c., p. 86.]

680. He sings and hums quite joyously at night. [GREDING, l. c., p. 86.]

She claps her hands together above her head and sings; at the same time cough, worth very viscid mucus on the chest. [GREDING, l. c., p. 60.]

Frequent attacks; running about in the rotill she falls down. [GREDING, l. c., p. 60.]

Crying out and running about, with dark blue face. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

Restlessness of disposition, oppression, and anxiety (aft. 1 h.). [Bch.]

685. Despondency, despair.

Melancholy, with chilliness, as if he were sprinkled with cold water, and frequent inclination to vomit.

Gloominess, dejection, sadness, with involuntary weeping and flow of tears from the eyes and inclination to vomit.

She is inconsolable about an imaginary misfortune, runs about the room howling and crying out, with her looks directed to the ground, or sits absorbed in thought in a corner, lamenting and weeping inconsolably; worst in the evening; sleeps only till 2 o’clock.

He groans, is besides himself, does not know how to calm himself (aft. 2, 3 h.).

690. Anxiety as from a bad conscience, as if he had done something bad.

Anxiety as though he anticipated misfortune, as if threatened with some calamity.

A feeling in his whole being as if he must gradually come to an end, but with calmness.

Soft, sad humour even to weeping (aft. 24 h.).

Anxiety crying out and running about. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

695. Crying out and running about with pale ace and timidity. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

Fear.

Timidity, that ends with frequently eructation. [GREDING, l. c., p. 61.]

Tendency to start and timidity. [GREDING, l. c., p. 76.]

Loquacity. [GREDING, l. c., p. 76.]

700. Taciturnity.

He does not talk unless excited to do so, then he scolds.

Taciturnity: he is reluctant to say a word, talking is repugnant to him, he speaks low and with a weak voice. [Stf.]

Cannot bear to be talked to. [GREDING, l. c., p. 76.]

Crossness when cause is given (aft. 4 h.).

705. He gets very cross, every trifle excites him (aft. 1 h.). [Stf.]

He searches for faults in others (and faunts then with them.)

Cross at the slightest cause and at the same time anxiety with rapid audible respiration. [Bch.]

Over-sensitiveness; increased mental power.

He is too lively, excentric, extravagant.

710. Joyousness, acuteness of senses. [GESNER, l. c.]

When he is occupied is head is cheerful, but when he has nothing to do he is as if dazed, cannot think properly, is quiet and absorbed in himself (aft. 2, 15 h.). [Fz.]

Busy restlessness.

Busy restlessness; he undertakes many things, but becomes always tired of them, nothing succeeds with him. [Stf.]

Activity and mobility, with diminution of the pains and passions.

715. Inclination to and pleasure in work.

All day a kind of indifference, so that he often rubbed his forehead in order to come to himself and to collect his thoughts. [Bch.]